ISHS Acta Horticulturae 912: V International Symposium on Pistachios and Almonds
OIL CONTENT OF SEEDS OF 25 IRANIAN, EUROPEAN AND AMERICAN ALMOND GENOTYPES AND CULTIVARS |
| Authors: | A.A. Torabi , A. Imani, V. Rabiei |
| Keywords: | almond, oil content, quality improvement, oil variability |
| DOI: | 10.17660/ActaHortic.2011.912.53 |
| Abstract:
Sweet almond oil is used in many cosmetic products and is used as a snack, in confectionery (marzipan, "turrón", nougat), food products (almond milk, ice cream, chocolate), and for culinary recipes. Seeds of 25 almond genotypes and cultivars: Iranian (Rabie, Mamaie, Sefid, Sahand, Shekofeh, Azar, NajafAbad, Holoei, k-12-8, k- 14- 14, k-7-12, k-12-30, k-1-16, k-3-11), European (Supernova, Genco, Flippe Ceo, Fragiulio, Falsa Barese, Tuono, Marcona and Ferragnes) and American (Nonpareil, Ne Plus Ultra and Peerless) were obtained from research station of Seed and Plant Improvement Institute of Karaj and then analyzed for oil content. 10 almond kernels from each genotype and cultivar of almond with 3 replications were examined individually. Oil extraction methyl esters were done in one step. Significant variation between genotypes and cultivars was found. Oil content varied from 58.8% to 43.85% of the total kernel dry weight. According to these results, almond genotypes and cultivars based on oil content were divided in four groups: high (55-60%), good (50-55%), medium (45-50%) and poor (less than 45%). The large variability was observed for oil content in all genotypes and cultivars of almond. Totally, the presence of local cultivars (Mamaei, Rabei and Sifid) was found with higher oil contents than most of the foreign commercial cultivars (Supernova, Tuono, Nonpareil and Marcona); that could be used as genitor in almond breeding program to obtain new almond cultivars with oil of higher quality, satisfying industrial and consuming sectors. | |
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