ISHS Acta Horticulturae 708: V International Strawberry Symposium
EFFECT OF METOSULAM AND GLYPHOSATE ON FLOWER ABNORMALITIES OF STRAWBERRY |
| Author: | P. Lieten |
| Keywords: | Fragaria × ananassa, phyllody, herbicides |
| DOI: | 10.17660/ActaHortic.2006.708.70 |
| Abstract:
Cold stored tray plants of the cvs. ‘Elsanta’ and ‘Darselect’ were grown on peat substrate in a greenhouse. In the first experiment, a foliar spray of metosulam (25 ppm) was applied 4 weeks after transplanting, when first flower buds emerged. The treatment with metosulam resulted in a partial reversion from reproductive to vegetative development of the flowers. The most characteristic symptom was a pronounced foliaceous growth arising from the achenes in the first flower trusses, which gradually disappeared in successive trusses. In the treated plants, 32% and 25 % of the flowers of ‘Elsanta’ and ‘Darselect’ respectively, had phyllodious characteristics. In a second experiment an aqueous solution of glyphosate containing 0.01, 0.1, and 1 ppm was applied to the peat 10 days prior to planting. At an application rate of 0.1 ppm toxicity symptoms became apparent. ‘Elsanta’ strawberry plants grown on peat treated with 1 ppm glyphosate developed needle shaped yellowing leaf blades, and produced smaller flowers with short anthers and white pistils. Almost 49% of the flowers developed into abnormal, small globe-shaped berries, while the most severely stunted plants produced some phylloid fruit. It was proved that residues of the post-emergent herbicide glyphosate in the root medium can readily be translocated from the roots upwards to meristematic tissue and can influence flower differentiation adversely. | |
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