ISHS Acta Horticulturae 557: VII International Symposium on Orchard and Plantation Systems
FIVE-YEAR PERFORMANCE OF 19 PEACH ROOTSTOCKS AT 20 SITES IN NORTH AMERICA |
| Author: | G.L. Reighard |
| Keywords: | Prunus persica, interstem |
| DOI: | 10.17660/ActaHortic.2001.557.11 |
| Abstract:
Nineteen Prunus rootstock cultivars and selections budded with ‘Redhaven’ peach were planted at 20 locations in North America in 1994 as an official planting of the NC-140 Cooperative Regional Rootstock Project. The rootstocks included peach seedlings from ‘Lovell’, ‘Nemaguard’, ‘Bailey’, ‘Tennessee Natural 281-1’, ‘Stark’s Redleaf’, ‘GF 305’, ‘Higama’, ‘Montclar’, ‘Rubira’, ‘Chui Lum Tao’, ‘Tzim Pee Tao’, ‘H7338013’, ‘H7338019’, ‘BY520-8’, and ‘Guardian BY520-9’. Clonal rootstocks included ‘Ishtara’, ‘Myran’, ‘S.2729’, and ‘Ta Tao 5’ interstem on ‘Lovell’. Five-year data were summarized across the 20 sites in 18 states and provinces. Tree growth, measured as trunk cross-sectional area, was best in southern Illinois, central Tennessee, southeastern Missouri, eastern Maryland and central New Jersey. Across all locations no rootstock was more vigorous than ‘Lovell’ or ‘Nemaguard’. However, within locations some rootstocks produced larger trees than ‘Lovell’ and/or ‘Nemaguard’. Full bloom date was delayed 1.0 to 1.5 days with ‘Ta Tao 5’ interstem. Fruit maturity was slightly earlier on ‘Ishtara’; whereas, it was delayed on ‘Ta Tao 5’. Rootstock genotype effect on bloom advancement and ripening delay in days was much longer in the South (i.e., Georgia, South Carolina). Highest cumulative fruit yields were from Maryland, New Jersey, Ohio and South Carolina. Few rootstocks yielded better than ‘Lovell’ and these differences usually were not significant at most sites. The largest fruit were from Massachusetts, Illinois, Missouri, Ohio and Colorado. Relative fruit size was not affected by rootstock generally, except for ‘Myran’, which tended to have smaller fruit than ‘Lovell’. After 5 years, no rootstock has consistently performed better than the standard ‘Lovell’. Some performance trends are developing and superior rootstocks may be identified in the future after additional data are collected during the next 5 years. | |
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