ISHS Acta Horticulturae 96: II International Symposium on Spices and medicinal Plants
PROBLEMS OF THE TOLERANCE OF MEDICINAL PLANTS. CONTAMINATION WITH THE PESTICIDES |
| Authors: | W. Debska, J. Lutomski |
| Abstract:
The Institute of Medicinal Plants carries out research works on determination of pesticides in medicinal plants as a result of the application of this group of substances by plant cultivation. In order to assure the purity of plant preparations analytical research works have been undertaken. They resulted in the description of numerous methods of determination of pesticides residues belonging to insecticides, fungicides and herbicides. These methods are highly specific due to the complex chemical composition of medicinal plants and spices. The determination of decay curves made possible the introduction of numerous pesticides to the cultivation of medicinal plants. The control of contaminations of several raw materials has been carried out. Galenic preparations, infusions, decoctions and tinctures have been examined in respect of contamination with pesticides. The notion of the "safety coefficients" has been introduced; on the basis of which the principles for the project of Toleration Act has been described. Institute of Medicinal Plants undertook 10 years ago studies on the determination of contamination of medicinal plants and soil with pesticides. These investigations allow to determine the optimal conditions for chemical protection of plants which is one of the most important elements of good agricultural practice. Good agricultural practice is specific for each country because of some differences in geoclimate, lengh of vegetation time, precipitation and temperature and quality of soil. All these factors influence the kind of insects, intensity of plant diseases and the sort of weeds. Therefore there is a necessity for verification and adaptation of each introduced pesticide in natural conditions of a given country. The program of our research includes verification of effectiveness, phytotoxicity dynamics of disappearence of pesticides in plants and soil as well as analytical estimation of pesticide residues. Increasing demand for plant medicines causes intensification of works for protection of purity of medicines which have been undertaken by Polish herb industry. It is followed by analytical works which allow to find such conditions of plant cultivation in which the possibly purest medicinal drugs can be obtained. Studies on the methodology of pesticides determination resulted in several analytical methods for 3 groups of pesticides: insecticides, fungicides and herbicides. These methods are mostly worked out by our Analytical Department because the phytochemical specificity made us search for new solutions. The methods reported earlier | |
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