ISHS Acta Horticulturae 900: II International Symposium on the Genus Lilium
DETECTION, DIAGNOSIS AND CONTROL OF LILY DISEASES |
| Author: | R.H. Lawson |
| Keywords: | virus, fungus, nematode, bacterial, insect, chemical control |
| DOI: | 10.17660/ActaHortic.2011.900.40 |
| Abstract:
Diseases are a major threat to the productivity and quality of lily bulb and flower crops wherever they are grown. The extent of pathogen damage depends on the cultivar, quality of the propagation material, efficiency of pathogen transmission and distribution and the growing environment. Improved methods of virus detection using immunoassay and molecular methods have reduced the incidence of the major viruses in planting stock. The use of genetic transformation to produce plants resistant to diseases remains a technological challenge. Fungus disease, including bulb and stem rots can cause significant losses even though chemicals are available to control these diseases in the field and on harvested bulbs. Chlorine dioxide as a gas or as a substitute for formaldehyde in hot water treatments may control the spread of basal rot fungi in bulbs. The use of chemicals combined with improved field sanitation and greater reliability of weather forecasts have greatly decreased losses resulting from foliar pathogens, particularly Botrytis elliptica. Biocontrol of Botrytis has been achieved experimentally but has limited use in practice. Predictive models based on the field elimination of sources of inocula, spatial separation of the crop from primary inocula, and weather forecasts have been important in implementing control measures. Nematodes and mites remain a major problem in bulb production in the field and in bulbs in storage. Modified hot water treatments of harvested bulbs offer promise for improved control of nematodes and mites. Field control of nematodes does, however, remain a major problem in some lily culture. The purpose of this review is to present information on virus and other diseases affecting Asiatic, Oriental and Easter lilies and to identify methods of detection and control. | |
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