ISHS Acta Horticulturae 825: I Balkan Symposium on Fruit Growing
SHOOT GROWTH STRUCTURE OF OWN-ROOTED MICROPROPAGATED PLUM CULTIVARS IN THE JUVENILE PERIOD |
| Authors: | S.K. Popov, K.M. Kornova |
| Keywords: | micropropagation, in vitro, own-root, plums, behaviour, orchard, structure |
| Abstract:
The aim of the study was to establish the shoot growth structure of micropropagated trees of plum cultivars grown on own roots in a plantation, as well as its effect on the duration of the juvenile period of that type of planting material. The cultivars ‘Čačanska lepotica’, ‘Reine-Claude d'Althan’ (Prunus domestica), ‘Black Star’ and ‘Santa Rosa’ (Prunus salicina), produced by micropropagation and further grown in the nursery of the Fruit Growing Institute – Plovdiv, were included in the experiment. The same cultivars were grafted on the seedling rootstock Dzhanka 4 (P. cerasifera) for comparison. The shoot growth of the own-rooted trees was followed up for four vegetations after planting in the field. The length of the annual increment and the number of the shoots were measured. Their structure in the period before beginning of fruiting was evaluated. In the years of the observation the micropropagated trees of the ‘Čačanska lepotica’ cultivar had significantly poorer growth than the grafted ones. During the second vegetation bud formation on one-year-old shoots and the formation of second-order shoots was not observed. In the next year a part of the buds on the shoots of the own-rooted trees appeared but it was much less expressed in comparison with the trees of the control variant. The tree growth of ‘Reine-Claude d'Althan’ was totally different. In that cultivar the own-rooted trees had better characteristics and better formed crowns until the third vegetation. The latter did not correlate with the bigger number of fruits in the first year of fruiting of the trees of that variant, despite the advantages in the quality of the fruiting habitus of the crown (unpublished data). In both cultivars of P. salicina shoot growth and their structure were almost identical during the years of cultivation in the fields, the characteristics of the own-rooted trees having lower values. | |
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