ISHS Acta Horticulturae 825: I Balkan Symposium on Fruit Growing
INFLUENCE OF PLANTING DISTANCE TO THE VEGETATIVE GROWTH AND BEARING OF 'JONAGOLD' APPLE CULTIVAR ON 'MM106' ROOTSTOCK |
| Authors: | M. Kiprijanovski, B. Ristevski, T. Arsov, V. Gjamovski |
| Keywords: | Malus domestica, trees, behavior, yield, quality |
| Abstract:
This paper presents results from a research on the influence of the planting distance on the vegetative growth and the yield of apple trees. The experimental orchard was established in the region of Skopje, in 1997, with the ‘Jonagold’ cultivar, grafted on ‘MM 106’ rootstock. The investigations were carried out during 1997-2006. The experiment was set with five different planting distances: 4 x 1 m (2,500 trees/ha), 4 x 1.5 m (1,666 trees/ha), 4 x 2 m (1,000 trees/ha), 4 x 2.5 m (1,000 trees/ha) and 4 x 3 m (833 trees/ha). During the ten-years study, the following parameters were observed: tree growth (trunk cross section area and crown volume), bearing (number of fruits and yield per tree) as well as the quality of the fruit (size, content of soluble dry maters and total acids). Based upon the 10-years research, it was concluded that the distance between the trees in the row had a significant influence on their vegetative growth, bearing and quality of the fruits. At the end of the tenth year, the biggest TCSA (166.2 cm2) was measured in the trees planted at the 4 x 3 m distance. The biggest crown volume per tree (7.9 m3) was at the 4 x 3 m planting distances, but the biggest crown volume per hectare (10,250 m3) was at the 4 x 1 m distances. The least yield per tree was at the 4 x 1 m distances, and the largest yield per tree was at the 4 x 3 m distances. However, the biggest cumulative yield per hectare was from the trees planted at distances of 4 x 1 m. The planting distances of the trees had no significant effect on the fruit quality, except their colouring. | |
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