ISHS Acta Horticulturae 825: I Balkan Symposium on Fruit Growing
USE OF VEGETAL EXTRACTS IN CONTROL OF MONILIA SPP. |
| Authors: | G. Teodorescu, M. Sumedrea, F.C. Marin, F. Murariu |
| Keywords: | pathogenic fungi, Monilia spp., vegetal extracts, CRF, 2-Hexane |
| Abstract:
The researches refer to some medicinal plants, cultivated to obtain the biomass needed to produce vegetal extracts, used then for lab tests to appreciate their fungistatic capacity against the pathogen Monilia spp. The plants were: Cynara scolymus - artichoke; Tagetes patula - French marigold; Calendula officinalis -marigold; Matricaria chamomilla - chamomile from Asteraceae Family; Melissa officinalis - lemon balm from Lamiaceae Family; Salvia sclerea - clary, from Lamiaceae Family; Rumex patentia - patience dock from Polygonaceae Family, species recognized by Romanian Pharmacopoeia. Vegetal extracts were produced by extraction in CO2 atmosphere and liquid CO2 percolation. To demonstrate the vegetal extracts efficacy against the Monilia spp. pathogen, they were tested under lab conditions in 4 experiments. Pathogen isolation on artificial media was done either starting from attacked tissue or from the fungi fructifications, abundantly growing on fruit surfaces. Each experiment contained 16 Petri dishes / variant. The vessels were incubated at 28°C temperature and 80% relative humidity with ventilation, in a BMT Incucell V55 Comfort equipment. At well established time intervals, (7, 14, 21 and 28 days), the pathogen colonies diameters were measured and mean colonies diameter (ø cm) were calculated. The Monilia spp. pathogen grew the best on PMA (potato-malt-agar: 200-25-20 g/L) and GMA (glucose-malt-agar: 20-25-20 g/L) media. A separated experiment was set up to check two vegetal extracts’ efficacy to stop a Monilia spp. attack on naturally infected plum shoots. For this purpose, in each variant, 15 plum shoots were put into glass recipients with vegetal extracts solutions of 10% solution concentration. In the control variant (M), the plum shoots were put into distillated water. The best fungistatic action was provided by CRF (total extract separated from leaves and flowers of French marigold - Tagetes patula) and 2-Hexane (fraction extract separated from artichoke - Cynara scolymus). | |
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