ISHS Acta Horticulturae 825: I Balkan Symposium on Fruit Growing
A SHORT REVIEW OF NUT INDUSTRY IN EU |
| Authors: | D. Avanzato, A. Vaccaro, D. Bevilacqua |
| Keywords: | almond, chestnut, hazelnut, pistachio, walnut, market requirements, quality |
| Abstract:
Nuts crop production, trade and industry are an important economical activity in most countries in the European Mediterranean region. Almond is the most widely cultivated nut tree; the selection of late blooming varieties, self compatible and rootstocks resistant to Phytophtora and Agrobacterium, are the main constrains for the almond industry. Chestnut has been for centuries a valuable resource for the survival of the population living in many areas of Europe, North Africa and of most countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea; the selection of new varieties with “fruit easy to peel” is on of the most important targets, together with the resistance to Phytophtora cambivora. For the Italian and Spanish hazelnut industry the main problems are the selection of varieties resistant to Xantomonas avellanea attacks, the high cost of production, and the need to move from the multi-trunk tree to the single one (using as rootstock the Corylus colurna L.). The pistachio is an important crop in Italy and Greece but the EU imports large amounts of pistachio from Iran, Turkey and the USA; to promote its cultivation the following is necessary: the selection of additional varieties and the use of alternative rootstocks different than Pistacia terebinthus L., the need to overcome the alternate bearing. Concerning walnut the main aims are the selection of late frost varieties, precocious, yielding, bearing on both terminal and lateral shoots, with low incidence of pistillate flower abscission, ripening in early harvest season, resistant to Xantomonas, and producing high nut quality. | |
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