ISHS Acta Horticulturae 822: VI International Pineapple Symposium
INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT OF FUSARIOSIS IN PINEAPPLE FIELDS UNDER INTEGRATED PRODUCTION SYSTEM |
| Authors: | A.P. de Matos, N.F. Sanches, F.A. Teixeira, J. Elias Júnior |
| Keywords: | Ananas comosus var. comosus, disease, monitoring, control |
| Abstract:
Fusariosis, caused by Fusarium subglutinans f.sp ananas, is the main constraint of the pineapple crop in Brazil. Traditionally that disease is controlled by preventive fungicide applications during inflorescence development. The objective of this work was to evaluate integrated management practices to control fusariosis in pineapple fields under integrated production system. Monitoring of fusariosis was performed every month, starting three months after planting and continuing up to the treatment to induce flowering. Sampling for fusariosis incidence depended on field size; in fields of up to five hectares, five hundred plants were evaluated while in fields larger than five hectares evaluations were performed in one thousand plants. Fusariosis infected pineapple plants were eradicated during monitoring. Chemical control was recommended in fields where fusariosis incidence was 1% or higher. No fungicide applications were recommended when inflorescence development occurred under unfavorable conditions for fusariosis incidence. During the vegetative cycle, the number of fusariosis infected plants increased progressively up to the eighth evaluation and then with tendency for stabilization. The lowest percentage of infected plants at the first evaluation was 0.4% and the highest 2.0%. Evaluations performed immediately before flowering forcing treatment showed percentages of fusariosis infected plants varying from 1.2% to 16.6%. Fusariosis incidence in fruits varied according to the harvest season. In most pineapple fields, the proposed integrated management practices to control fusariosis enabled complete control of that disease on fruits. In pineapple fields where fruit development occurred under environmental conditions not favorable to fusariosis development no yield losses were observed due to that disease, even without spraying fungicide and despite of high percentages of infected plants prior to the flowering forcing treatment. On the other hand, when fruit development and harvest occurred under favorable conditions for fusariosis in two pineapple fields, the number of infected fruits ranged from zero to 46.5%. | |
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