ISHS Acta Horticulturae 820: VIII International Mango Symposium
MINI REVIEW: FUSARIUM SPECIES ASSOCIATED WITH MANGO MALFORMATION DISEASE |
| Author: | W.F.O. Marasas |
| Abstract:
Mango malformation disease (MMD) was first reported in India in 1891 (Ploetz, 2003). Koch’s postulates for this disease were first completed by Summanwar et al. (1966) who referred to the pathogen as Fusarium moniliforme. The etiology of MMD has remained controversial to this day. The disease and the identity of the associated Fusarium species are reviewed in this paper. The characteristic symptoms of MMD are abnormal inflorescences with shortened, thickened and much branched axes of panicles that bear no fruit. Malformed panicles produce more and larger flowers than normal, the number of male flowers is increased and the potential for fruit set is much decreased. Vegetative malformation also occurs, particularly in young trees in nurseries. Shoots from apical and axillary buds are misshapen and have shortened internodes with dwarfed and narrow leaves. MMD is known to occur in Asia (India, Israel, Malaysia, Pakistan), Africa (Egypt, South Africa, Sudan, Swaziland, Uganda), and the Americas (Brazil, El Salvador, Mexico, Nicaragua, the United States, Venezuela). | |
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