ISHS Acta Horticulturae 814: XII EUCARPIA Symposium on Fruit Breeding and Genetics
PERFORMANCE OF 'GLOSTER' AND 'MELROSE' APPLE TREES ON CZECH ROOTSTOCKS AND M 9 CLONES |
| Author: | J. Kosina |
| Keywords: | apple, rootstock, yield, growth vigour, suckering |
| Abstract:
This study was conducted in order to test new dwarf apple rootstocks from the Czech Republic (J-TE-E, J-TE-F, J-TE-G, J-TE-H, J-OH-A) and selected foreign clones of M9 (Pajam 1, Pajam 2, Jork 9). Scion cultivars ‘Gloster’ and ‘Melrose’ were used for testing. The experimental orchard was planted in the spring of 1990. The following parameters were monitored: total yield, yield efficiency, tree vigour (according to trunk cross sectional area), and suckering. Cumulative yield (1991-2006) per tree was high on Jork 9, Pajam 2, Pajam 1, and M9. Trees of ‘Gloster’ produced little on J-TE-H and J-TE-E. Poor yields for ‘Melrose’ were observed on M27 EMLA, J-TE-G, and J-OH-A. Yield efficiency was the highest on Jork 9 for ‘Gloster’ and on M27 EMLA, J-TE-F, and J-TE-G for ‘Melrose’. J-TE-H proved to be the most vigorous rootstock for both scion cultivars. ‘Gloster’ trees grew similarly on M 9, Pajam 1, and Pajam 2. No significant differences in growth were found among clones Jork 9, J-OH-A, and M 9. ‘Melrose’ trees grafted on Pajam 1 and M9 did not differ in growth, but trees on Pajam 2 were larger than those on M9. The smallest trees of this cultivar were observed on M27 EMLA and J-TE-G. The growth for ‘Melrose’ in descending order was: J-TE-H > Pajam 2 > Pajam 1 > M9 > Jork 9 > J-OH-A > J-TE-E > J-TE-F > J-TE-G > M 27EMLA. Among the tested rootstocks, J-OH-A produced the highest number of suckers. Less, but still abundant, suckering was observed with clones J-TE-E, J-TE-F, and M9. Production of suckers may be affected by the scion cultivar. Trees of ‘Melrose’ produced a lot of suckers unlike ‘Gloster’. J-TE-G and M27 produced almost no suckers. The trees on all rootstocks (except semi-vigorous J-TE-H) had a poor anchorage and required support. | |
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