ISHS Acta Horticulturae 813: VI International Symposium on New Floricultural Crops
IN VIVO AND IN VITRO SEED GERMINATION IN BLACK IRIS: A POTENTIAL NEW FLORICULTURAL CROP FROM JORDAN |
| Authors: | N.H. Samarah, S.A. Qurashi, N.S. Karam, R.A. Shibli |
| Keywords: | Iris nigricans, Iridaceae, seed dormancy, GA3, KNO3, thiourea, ABA, IAA |
| Abstract:
This study was initiated to determine the effect of different treatments on breaking dormancy and enhancing germination of black iris seeds in vivo and in vitro. Mature seeds were leached and the outer integument was clipped. The seeds were then treated with different concentrations of GA3, thiourea, or KNO3. Immature seeds and leached-clipped mature seeds were cultured in vitro on MS medium with or without kinetin, BA, and IAA. In all experiments, non-treated mature seeds were the control. Concentrations of ABA, cytokinin, and IAA in the seeds were measured. The results revealed that non-treated seeds did not germinate in vivo or in vitro, whereas leached-clipped seeds exhibited 38% germination in vivo and less than 20% in vitro. Germination increased to 87%, 65%, or 78% by soaking leached-clipped seeds in 3000 ppm GA3, 30 g L-1 thiourea, or 2 g L-1 KNO3, respectively. Germination of immature seeds was 30% on a hormone-free medium, but increased to 80% on a medium containing growth regulators. Leaching decreased concentrations of ABA, cytokinin, and IAA in mature seeds. Immature seeds had lower ABA and cytokinin, but higher IAA than mature seeds. | |
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