ISHS Acta Horticulturae 812: III International Symposium on Acclimatization and Establishment of Micropropagated Plants
IN VITRO MULTIPLICATION OF CALENDULA ARVENSIS FOR SECONDARY METABOLITES EXTRACTION |
| Authors: | F. Leal, A. Rodrigues, D. Fernandes, F.M. Nunes, J. Cipriano, J. Ramos, S. Teixeira, S. Vieira, L.M. Carvalho, O. Pinto-Carnide |
| Keywords: | Calendula arvensis, micropropagation, callogenesis, secondary metabolites, β-sitosterol |
| Abstract:
The genus Calendula, where Calendula officinalis and Calendula arvensis are included, is known by its medicinal properties - mainly anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-bacterian and fungicide. Saponins, triterpenic alcohols and their fatty acid esters, carotenoids, flavonoids, coumarins, essential oils, hydrocarbons and fatty acids are the main chemical compounds found in this genus. With the aim of isolate some of these compounds, calli and regenerated plantlets were obtained from in vitro cultures of nodal segments of wild plants. The effect of MS medium without growth regulators or supplemented with two concentrations of cytokinin (1 or 2 mg/L) or a combination of cytokinin and auxin (1 mg/L BAP + 0.1 mg/L NAA or 2 mg/L BAP + 0.1 mg/L NAA) was evaluated. In addition, the effect of the explant position was also analised. In the majority of the explants calli induction was detected independently of the culture medium. Callogenesis occurred simultaneously with organogenesis and, after 4 weeks of in vitro culture, flower induction was obtained. The number and length of the shoots was not significantly affected by the culture medium. The most abundant compound detected by GC-MS in chloroform extracts of calli and plantlets samples was  -sitosterol.
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