ISHS Acta Horticulturae 800: X International Pear Symposium
GERMPLASM FUND OF PYRUS SP. PRESENTLY IN EX SITU ROMANIAN COLLECTIONS |
| Authors: | N. Branişte, M. Militaru |
| Keywords: | pear, germplasm |
| Abstract:
In Romania, pear is quite extensively grown, representing 5% of total fruit acreage and fruit production, national ex situ pear collections have been initiated since 1970–1971. In some important areas, such as Pitesti–Maracineni and Cluj, the most representative orchards were established, where a great diversity of species including cultivars from various zones of the country as well as foreign cultivars, have been gathered. In total, over 536 pear genotypes, including 30 species, 371 foreign cultivars, 168 old native cultivars and 24 new Romanian cultivars have been collected. Since 1990, the data recorded in the collections have been stored in computer programs. The data bank includes a short description of the major traits for each genotype related to vigour, blooming time, ripening season, fruit colour and size, resistance to major diseases and insects (fire blight, scab and psylla). Also, for cultivars which are going to be the potential genitors in the breeding programs, the major quantitative characteristics are highlighted. After 1995, when the European Working Group for Malus/Pyrus (IBPGR) was initiated, the same descriptors as in other European countries for the biological material evaluation were employed. During 1967–2005, following the genetic breeding work, 24 new cultivars were developed and placed in the Official List of cultivars approved for propagation in Romania. | |
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