ISHS Acta Horticulturae 799: V International Symposium on the Taxonomy of Cultivated Plants
SEED MORPHOLOGY OF VITIS VINIFERA AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO ECOGEOGRAPHICAL GROUPS AND CHLOROTYPES |
| Authors: | C. Obón de Castro, D. Rivera, E. Carreño, F. Alcaraz, J.A. Palazón |
| Keywords: | ampelography, biogeography, carpology, chlorotypes, haplotypes, proles |
| Abstract:
Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) comprises over 10,000 different cultivars and cultivar groups. These show morphological diversity and genetic polymorphism that follow geographical gradients W to E and N to S. This has led many authors to conclude that grapevine is polyphyletic. Grapevine biogeographical and ecogeographical patterns of variation were first described by Negrul in terms of “Proles”, which were characterized by the type of indumentum on leaves and shoots, and grape shape as main descriptors. Recent studies have shown the existence of eight different chlorotypes (seven in cultivars and wild grapevines and one exclusively in wild grapevines) or six haplotypes. We compare the geographical patterns and relationships of chlorotypes/haplotypes with proles and morphological descriptors. We studied the indumentum type in nearly 1,000 grapevine cultivars and wild grapevine populations extending from Western Europe and North Africa to Central Asia. Chlorotypes and ecogeographical groups show similar patterns of variation in a transect W to E. However, low correlation was found between chlorotypes and ecogeographical groups, e.g. chlorotype A (characteristic of many cultivars from Spain) is mainly found in accessions of the Proles Occidentalis (with arachnoid indumentum on the abaxial surface of adult leaves). However, cultivars morphologically belonging to Proles Orientalis Subproles Caspica (with erect hairs) and Proles Pontica (with mixed indumentum) also show chlorotype A. Alternative approaches for interpreting this divergence are discussed in this paper. | |
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