ISHS Acta Horticulturae 795: V International Cherry Symposium
NEW CHERRY CULTIVARS AND HYBRIDS CREATED AT IASI FRUIT RESEARCH STATION, ROMANIA |
| Authors: | G. Grădinariu, M. Istrate, S. Budan, L. Petre, G. Corneanu, M. Corneanu, A. Popescu |
| Keywords: | Prunus avium, P. cerasus, productivity, self-compatibility, ripening period |
| Abstract:
The national cherry germplasm collection in Iasi-Romania contains more than 550 genotypes of sweet cherry and more than 120 genotypes of sour cherry. It includes Romanian and foreign varieties and also local old and new biotypes. This represents the initial biological material for variety improvement. The main objectives of these activities are: high productivity; high fruit quality; reduced vigor; self-compatibility; resistance to soil, frost, drought, pests and specific diseases; and also fruit resistance to cracking and mechanical injury. During 1981–2004 at the Research and Development for Fruit Growing Station in Iasi-Romania, there were 590 intra- and interspecific hybrid combinations made, using 125 parents (‘Boambe de Cotnari’ clones, ‘Germersdorf ’clones, ‘Van’, ‘Stella’, ‘Moreau’, ‘Ulster’, ‘Bing’, ‘Compact Lambert’, ‘Rainier’, ‘Sam’, ‘Cerna’, etc.). As a result, 20,500 hybrids of sweet cherry were obtained. From the resulting biological material, only between 1982–1984, five selections of sweet cherry (‘Cetatuia’, ‘Maria’, ‘Catalina’, ‘Golia’, ‘Marina’) and two of bitter cherry (‘Amar de Maxut’ and ‘Amar de Galata’) were released as new varieties. Four other sweet cherry hybrids were proposed for release at I.S.T.I.S. Bucharest-Romania (HC 830204; HC 840803; HC 840819; HC 841703). The fruit quality of the new sweet cherry genotypes was compared with ‘Van’. All new varieties are competitive, providing a very early or early ripening period (‘Cetatuia’ or ‘Catalina’, respectively), self-fertility (‘Maria’), distinctive fruit quality (‘Golia’) and a late ripening period (‘Marina’). All five varieties have precocity, productivity and high fruit quality, as well as good resistance to frost, drought and specific sweet cherry diseases (anthracnose and Monilinia). | |
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