ISHS Acta Horticulturae 78: Symposium on Tissue Culture for Horticultural Purposes
LOCALIZATION OF VIRUSES IN APICAL MERISTEM AND PRODUCTION OF VIRUS-FREE PLANTS BY MEANS OF MERISTEM AND TISSUE CULTURE |
| Authors: | K. Mori, D. Hosokawa |
| Abstract:
About 20 kinds of viruses were eliminated by meristem-tip culture and 12 species of plants covering 50 varieties became virus free by the study in Japanese Cent. Agricult. Exp. Station (Mori et al. 1957–'67). The elimination ratio of viruses were higher when the size of isolated tips were smaller. Elimination limit of viruses differ considerably by the species of plants and viruses. TMV, PVX, PVS etc. were eliminated by the culture of very small meristem-tips (0.1–0.3mm), but CMV, PVY, PLRV, ICV etc. were eliminated with the culture of a little mere large tips (0.5, 1.0–3.0 mm). By bioassy, electronmicroscopy and fluolescent-antibody technique, it became clear that distribution and concentration of viruses in shoot apex of virus infected plants differ by plants and viruses. Distribution and concentration of most viruses were parallel to the results of elimination limit of viruses mentioned before, but CMV etc. were not the same and were distributed near the top of meristem dome. These viruses may be diminished in the culture. Concentration of viruses become lower in subcultured callus. We developed more easy and rapid method to produce virus-free plantlet from virus infected leaves by successive subculuture of callus tissues at Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology. | |
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