ISHS Acta Horticulturae 78: Symposium on Tissue Culture for Horticultural Purposes
VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION IN VITRO AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE FOR MUTATION BREEDING |
| Author: | S. Roest |
| Abstract:
Many plant species can be propagated vegetatively by adventitious shoot formation on detached leaves in vivo. In some ornamentals this "adventitious bud technique" has demonstrated to be of great significance for mutation breeding, since irradiation of detached leaves resulted in the production of solid (non-chimeral) mutants. In most plant species, however, an in vivo adventitious bud technique is not available. In view of mutation breeding of certain crops, it was therefore attempted to develop in vitro propagation techniques, preferably by the formation of adventitious shoots. In chrysanthemum a fast propagation was realized by adventitious shoot formation on pedicel explants, which method also proved to be employable for the long-term storage of plant material. After irradiation of pedicels, this in vitro adventitious bud technique resulted in the production of solid mutants, which differed from the original genotype with respect to visible characteristics like the colour, size and/or form of the flower heads. The in vitro procedure further enabled the rapid clonal multiplication of mutant genotypes. On rachis explants of potato adventitious shoots were regenerated through callus and thousands of plantlets have been produced in vitro. It is under investigation whether solid mutants are obtained after irradiation. In begonia and carnation in vitro procedures of vegetative propagation are being developed. After optimalization, the significance of these procedures will be evaluated for mutation breeding. | |
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