ISHS Acta Horticulturae 777: IX International Rubus and Ribes Symposium
TESTING FIVE RASPBERRY CULTIVARS OF ESTONIAN ORIGIN |
| Authors: | L. Arus, A. Kikas, A. Libek, H. Kaldmäe |
| Keywords: | cultivars, winter hardiness, yield, fruit quality, diseases, raspberry |
| Abstract:
Insufficient winter hardiness is the most essential factor reducing the raspberry yield in Estonia. The introduced cultivars from other regions often are not sufficiently winter hardy. The main task of our raspberry breeding programme in Estonia is to breed cultivars which are winter hardy enough. The breeding programme of raspberry cultivars at Polli is based on traditional breeding methods and has resulted in six cultivars (‘Aita’, ‘Alvi’, ‘Helkal’, ‘Tomo’, ‘Espe’ and ‘Siveli’), from which the newest two, ‘Aita’ and ‘Alvi’, were released and registered in 2003. ‘Aita’ pedigree contains the cultivars Superlative, Novost Kuzmina and Glen Clova. ‘Alvi’ pedigree contains ‘Golden Queen’, ‘Spirina Belaya’ and also ‘Novost Kuzmina’. The purpose of this investigation was to compare ‘Aita’ and ‘Alvi’ with the other three Estonian cultivars (‘Helkal’, ‘Tomo’ and ‘Espe’) and with ‘Novokitaivska’ (originated in the Ukraine), which is the most widely cultivated red raspberry cultivar in Estonia during the last two decades. In this study we observed phenology, winter hardiness, resistance to anthracnose (Elsinoe veneta) and spur blight (Didymella applanata), and fruit quality characteristics. The cultivar evaluation experiments with six cultivars revealed that ‘Alvi’, ‘Helkal’, and ‘Novokitaivska’ had good winter hardiness in the years 2003–2005. ‘Novokitaivska’ and ‘Tomo’ had the best yield. Aita’ (3.1 g), ‘Helkal’ (2.9 g), and ‘Alvi’ (2.8 g) had the biggest fruit. ‘Helkal’ and ‘Tomo’ had the highest total sugar content and ‘Tomo’ also had the highest acidity. Ascorbic acid content was highest in ‘Alvi’ (34 mg/100g fresh fruit). The newest cultivars Aita and Alvi are promising due to big fruits, reliable yield, and resistance to anthracnose. However, susceptibility to spur blight is a shortcoming of the cultivars. | |
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