ISHS Acta Horticulturae 761: XXVII International Horticultural Congress - IHC2006: International Symposium on Advances in Environmental Control, Automation and Cultivation Systems for Sustainable, High-Quality Crop Production under Protected Cultivation
EVALUATION OF PSEUDOMONAS ISOLATES FOR BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF CHARCOAL STEM ROT OF MELON CAUSED BY MACROPHOMINA PHASEOLINA |
| Authors: | H.R. Etebarian, A. Khairi, A. Roustaei, GH. Khodakaramian, H. Aminian |
| Keywords: | melon disease, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Macrophomina phaseolina, charcoal stem rot |
| Abstract:
Charcoal stem rot of melon caused by Macrophomina phaseolina is one of the most important disease of this crop in Iran. Samples of soil surrounding melon root were randomly chosen from melon field in Garmsar area, Iran. Over one hundred eighty seven Pseudomonas fluorescens isolates were obtained using the soil dilution method on King B medium and screened against M. phaseolina in vitro. Twelve promising isolates were selected and tested in the greenhouse for their ability to control charcoal stem rot. Dual culture, volatile metabolite and cell free culture test showed that all 12 selected isolates of Pseudomonas inhibited growth of the pathogen. Inhibition varied from 28 to 58% in dual culture, from 16 to 54% in volatile metabolite and from 25 to 73% in cell free culture test. Based on the biochemical, physiological, nutritional characteristics and also the comparison of electrophoretic profiles of cell protein of bacterial isolates tested and the type of strains, these twelve isolates of bacteria were identified. The results of seed soaking with bacteria indicated that percentage of healthy plants in treatments M. phaseolina + Pseudomonas isolates or Pseudomonas isolates alone were significantly greater than those of pathogen alone (p<0.05). Isolates P6 and P5 of P. fluorescens bio III and isolate P3 of Pseudomonas putida bio B caused less disease severity and also plant height, fresh and dry weight of shoot and root were increased in these treatments. | |
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