ISHS Acta Horticulturae 760: XXVII International Horticultural Congress - IHC2006: II International Symposium on Plant Genetic Resources of Horticultural Crops
APRICOT GENETICS AND BREEDING IN ROMANIA |
| Authors: | V. Bălan, V. Tudor, E. Topor |
| Keywords: | Prunus armeniaca, heredity, genetic variability, genitor, descendent, cultivar, adaptability, biotic stress, diseases, fruit quality, plum pox virus, sharka |
| Abstract:
A new program of breeding and genetic concerning the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the apricot-tree (Prunus armeniaca) was developed between 1986 and 2006. Cytoplasmatic heredity, crossbreeding and physical mutagenesis contribute to reduced tree vigour, spur branches, as well as to improved resistance to Stigmina carpophilla. Genetic transgressions make possible the achievement of new biological forms with spur branches, later blossoming than the genitors, early ripening of the fruit, good resistance to frost and freezing, resistance to Cytospora cincta and Stigmina carpophilla, high content in dry soluble substance, total sugar and vitamin C. Character dominance can be foreseen for the very early ripening and for the ovate shape of the fruit. Segregation in F1 in the rate 3:1 or 1:1 makes possible the selection of round or oval shaped fruit, the former being preferred. The increased content in soluble dry substance and vitamin C in the backross generation can provide support for a new program of apricot breeding. Within the improvement program carried out between 1983-2006, the following varieties were validated: ‘Rareş’, ‘Valeria’, ‘Carmela’, ‘Viorica’, ‘Nicuşor’, ‘Adina’, ‘Alexandru’, ‘Bucovina’, ‘Siret’, ’Atractiv’, ‘Dacia’, ‘Excelsior’, ‘Favorit’, ‘Comandor’, ‘Olimp’, from S.C.D.P Băneasa, and ‘Tudor’, ‘Traian’, ‘Cristal’, ‘Danubiu’, ‘Auraş’, ‘Fortuna’, ‘Orizont’, ‘Amiral’, ‘Augustin’, from S.C.D.P Constanţa. | |
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