ISHS Acta Horticulturae 760: XXVII International Horticultural Congress - IHC2006: II International Symposium on Plant Genetic Resources of Horticultural Crops
POLYPLOIDY BREEDING OF BLUE HONEYSUCKLE AND BLACK CHOKEBERRY BY UTILIZING IN VITRO-CULTURES TREATED WITH COLCHICINE |
| Authors: | T. Suzuki, M. Uenohata, K. Oosawa |
| Keywords: | Aronia melanocarpa Michx., chimera, flow cytometry, Lonicera caerulea L. var. emphyllocaryx Nakai, plant tissue culture, tetraploid |
| Abstract:
Blue honeysuckle (Lonicera caerulea L. var. emphyllocaryx Nakai) and black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa Michx.) are one of the most respectable northern small fruit trees in Japan, because their fruits are rich in many functional elements, such as anthocyanins, carotenoids and ascorbic acid. However, the fruits are too small for commercial cultivation. Thus, in order to breed cultivars that bear larger fruits, polyploidy breeding has been adopted for in vitro-cultures of these two plants. The results are summarized as follows: 1) The primary culture of black chokeberry shoot apices was successful on media containing 1/4 strength of Murashige & Skoog's ingredients supplemented with 0.2-1.0 µM benzyladenine (BA). The shoots obtained by primary culture were proliferated effectively on the normal strength of MS medium supplemented with 5 µM BA. Shoot cuttings rooted easily (90%) in vermiculite. 2) The culturing on colchicine-supplemented media of blue honeysuckle explants was the most effective for obtaining polyploidy shoots among three colchicine treatments examined (immersion in colchicine solution before culturing, addition of colchicine solution on subcultures, and culturing on media supplemented with colchicine). 3) Flow cytometric analysis showed that chimeric tissue of diploid and tetraploid had occurred first from colchicine-treated explants of both blue honeysuckle and black chokeberry, and then tetraploidy shoots could be separated from the chimeric shoots during several subculture repetitions. 4) The tetraploidy plants had just twice number of chromosomes and larger stomata compared to those of the diploid. The tetraploidy blue honeysuckle and black chokeberry that had formed roots were transplanted to soil in the greenhouse and then to the field. | |
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