ISHS Acta Horticulturae 754: International Workshop on Advances in Grapevine and Wine Research
GAS EXCHANGE OF MICROPROPAGATED GRAPEVINE (V. VINIFERA L.) PLANTS |
| Authors: | T. Slavtcheva, V. Dimitrova |
| Keywords: | grapevine, photosynthesis, dark respiration, transpiration, in vitro culture, acclimatization, light, temperature |
| Abstract:
‘Dimiat’ and ‘Italian Riesling’ plantlets of 13th to 26th subcultures, as well as initially propagated plantlets were used. The explants were cultured on modified MS medium with half-strength macro-salts, full-strength micro-salts and indole-3-acetic acid of 1 mg L-1. Plant growth characteristics were determined during in vitro culture and acclimatization. The in vitro plantlets developed well under the experimental conditions. The ex vitro plants showed rapidly a good root system development. Rates of photosynthesis (Pn) and dark respiration (Rd) were measured with an infra-red gas analyzer. In the two trials conducted, four light levels were tested: 20, 100, 200 and 400 μmol m-2 s-1. Pn and Rd were determined at 21-23°C. During acclimatization, measurements were carried out additionally at 21°C and 26°C. Pn increased significantly with light intensity, especially from 20 to 200 mmol m-2 s-1. During acclimatization, the temperature enhancement by 5°C affected positively Pn only at 400 μmol m-2 s-1 in the second week after transfer from in vitro culture, but at all light intensities two weeks later. Pn was not affected by the subculturing. An increase of ambient temperature by 5°C led to a significant change in Rd during the second week of acclimatization, but only to small changes later. Transpiration rates (E) were determined gravimetrically by means of analytical balance. E decreased significantly with time during acclimatization. However, E was higher for the in vitro plantlets compared to the ex vitro ones. | |
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