ISHS Acta Horticulturae 751: IV International Symposium on Rose Research and Cultivation
TRANSMISSION OF ROSE MOSAIC VIRUSES |
| Authors: | D.A. Golino, S.T. Sim, M. Cunningham, A. Rowhani |
| Keywords: | apple mosaic virus, Prunus necrotic ringspot virus, root, root graft, pollen, seed |
| Abstract:
Experiments were conducted to monitor roses for field spread of Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV) and Apple mosaic virus (ApMV) from infected plants to healthy plants. Conditions were imposed to explore putative virus transmission by seed, pollen, on cutting implements and by root grafting. Research to date suggests that root grafting is involved in natural virus spread in roses. In seedling transmission tests, 651 seedlings produced from seed collected from virus-infected plants were ELISA tested for viruses; no virus was detected. Pollen from infected plants was applied for 3 years to 173 uninfected plants; for 2 subsequent years all ELISA tests were negative for viruses. Virus spread was observed in multiple trials in which healthy bushes were planted in close proximity (approximately 30 cm) to virus-infected bushes. Over the course of one year, approximately 10% of the healthy plants became infected. After two years, rate of virus spread ranged from 0% to 48% to depending on virus strain and rose variety. Mechanical hedging did not increase the rate of spread in these trials, implying that another mechanism, possibly root grafting, was responsible. To test for the occurrence of root grafting, experiments were conducted using the systemic herbicide Roundup®. Plants that were treated with the herbicide died as expected and approximately 50% of the adjacent, untreated Rosa multiflora ‘Burr’ plants and 10% of the adjacent untreated ‘Dr. Huey’ and ‘Sunflare’ plants showed mild herbicide toxicity symptoms. This could be explained if root grafting had occurred, allowing herbicide to move through the vascular connection between plants. | |
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