ISHS Acta Horticulturae 740: I International Symposium on Papaya
PESTS OF PAPAYA AND THEIR MANAGEMENT WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO APHID VECTORS |
| Authors: | A. Verghese, C.M. Kalleshwaraswamy, H.R. Anil Kumar |
| Keywords: | aphids, papaya ring spot virus, vector, whitefly, mite, neem, dimethoate |
| Abstract:
Since the mid-nineties, pests have become a major threat to the production of commercial papaya in India. One of the major introduced pests was the spiraling whitefly (Aleurodicus dispersus Russell). Release of the parasitoid, Encarsia spp. has been found to be very promising. Another whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) is a vector of the Gemini virus. Sprays of lambda cyhalothrin or deltamethrin have shown promising results. The aphids (Myzus persicae (Sulzer), Aphis gossypii Glover, Aphis craccivora Koch), act as vectors for the papaya ringspot virus; controlling the viral infection through managing the vectors is discussed. Studies have shown that Dimethoate was the most promising insecticide to delay the onset of infection coupled with barrier crops. Neem showed promising trends in preventing PRSV infection, but more research is needed to standardize the formulation and frequency of application, especially of neem cake; Furadon was not effective. In case of the mites Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boisduval) (Acarina: Tetranychidae) and Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes), which attack leaves and fruits, management strategies including biocontrol are being developed. Other pests include the scale, Aonidiella orientalis (Newstead), the grasshopper, Poekilocerus pictus Fabricius, a borer, Cerostoma rugosella (Stainton) and a weevil defoliator, Myllocerus sp. In India, fruit fly is not regarded as a pest of papaya. Laboratory studies have shown that green papaya was not a suitable host for the development of fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel). Vertebrate pests include the house crow (Corvus splendens Viellot), the parakeet (Psittacula krameri) and elephants, require non-destructive management strategies. | |
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