ISHS Acta Horticulturae 732: VIII International Symposium on Canopy, Rootstocks and Environmental Physiology in Orchard Systems
PERFORMANCE OF SIX HIGH DENSITY SWEET CHERRY TRAINING SYSTEMS IN THE NORTHEASTERN UNITED STATES |
| Authors: | T.L. Robinson, R.L. Andersen, S.A. Hoying |
| Keywords: | Prunus avium, rootstock, dwarfing, yield, fruit size, fruit soluble solids |
| Abstract:
Six cherry training systems [Central leader (336 trees/ha), Spanish bush (673 trees/ha), Slender spindle (897 trees/ha), V system (997 trees/ha), Marchant inclined tree system (1035 trees/ha) and Vertical axis (1196 trees/ha)] with 5 cultivars were compared in a replicated field experiment. With 'Hedelfingen', three rootstocks ['Gisela 5', ('Gi.5'), 'Gisela 6', ('Gi.6') and 'MxM.2'] were compared while with 'Lapins' and 'Sweetheart' only 'Gi.5' and 'Gi.6' were compared. 'Tehranivee' and 'Regina' were planted only on 'Mahaleb'. The Vertical axis system had the highest cumulative yield per tree followed by the Slender spindle system, Spanish bush system, Central leader system, the V system and the Marchant system which had the lowest cumulative yield per tree. On an hectare basis, the Vertical axis system had the highest cumulative yield followed by the Slender spindle system, V system, the Marchant system, the Spanish bush system and the Central leader system. The cumulative yields largely reflected density; however, the Vertical Axis system had higher yield than expected and the Marchant system had significantly lower yield than expected from their tree densities. Among rootstocks, cumulative yield per tree was highest with 'Gi.5' and lowest with 'MXM.2'. 'Gi.5' rootstock had the highest third year yield followed by 'Gi.6'. The 'MXM.2' trees had almost no yield in the third year. Average fruit size was largest on 'Gi.6', intermediate on 'Gi.5' and smallest on 'MXM.2'. Fruit soluble solids was highest with the V system followed by the Central leader and Slender spindle systems. The Spanish bush and the Marchant system had the lowest soluble solids which likely was the result of dense canopies and shade within the canopy. The Slender spindle and the V systems had the best combination of high yield, fruit size and soluble solids. | |
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