ISHS Acta Horticulturae 732: VIII International Symposium on Canopy, Rootstocks and Environmental Physiology in Orchard Systems
EARLY ORCHARD PERFORMANCE OF 'SAWA' APPLE TREES ON TWELVE DWARFING ROOTSTOCKS |
| Authors: | A. Pietranek, E. Jadczuk, A. Sadowski, C. Piestrzeniewicz |
| Keywords: | tree-size, cumulative-yield, productivity, cropping-efficiency, fruit-quality |
| Abstract:
The experiment was established at the Wilanów Experimental Orchard, on a fertile, silty loam alluvial soil. In autumn 2000, one-year-old maiden trees were planted. Spacing was adjusted to the expected tree vigour induced by the rootstock. Trees on PB-4, M.27, P63 and P64 were spaced at 3.5 × 1.0 m; those on B491, P22 and P65 were spaced at 3.5 × 1.2 m; those on P59, B146 and P16 were spaced at 3.5 × 1.4 m; and those on Arm 18 and B7-35 were spaced at 3.5 × 1.7 m. The TCSA at planting was the largest on Arm 18 and B7-35, followed by those on B491 and P22, and the smallest on M.27 and P64. After three years, the largest size was attained by the trees on B7-35, followed by those on Arm 18, then by trees on P16, P65, B146, B491, P22 and P59, followed by trees on P64 and P63, while the smallest trees were on M.27 and PB-4. The highest first yield was obtained from trees on P65, followed by those on B146, P59 and P63, then on B491, PB-4 and M.27. The 2003 yield was, in general, related to tree size. Yield for two years was the highest on P65, B491, P59 and P63, followed by that on B146, PB-4, Arm 18, P16 and P22. Lowest yields were on P64, M.27 and B7-35. Cumulative crop efficiency coefficient was the highest for trees on PB-4 and P63 and the lowest on B7-35. Cumulative yield calculated per ha reached the highest values for trees on P63, P65 and B491. Fruit mass, firmness and soluble solids content, recorded in 2003, did not depend on rootstock. | |
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