ISHS Acta Horticulturae 732: VIII International Symposium on Canopy, Rootstocks and Environmental Physiology in Orchard Systems
GROWTH AND FIRST YIELD OF 'ELISE' APPLE TREES IN "V" PLANTING SYSTEM ON EIGHTEEN ROOTSTOCKS |
| Authors: | D. Wrona, A. Sadowski, A. Słowiński |
| Keywords: | subclones, tree vigour, planting density, productivity, cumulative yield, cropping efficiency, fruit size |
| Abstract:
The experiment was set up on a fertile silty loam alluvial soil, at the Warsaw-Wilanów Experimental Station, Central Poland, in spring 2000. ‘Elise’ apple trees were planted on 18 rootstocks of different origin and vigour in a “V” planting system. Different rootstocks were classified into three groups, depending on expected tree vigour: semi-dwarfing (P 14, P60, B396 and M.26), dwarfing (B 9, B146, P2, P59 and seven subclones of M.9 – EMLA, Burgmer 984 and 751, T339, Pajam 1, Pajam 2, RN29) and superdwarfing (M.27, P16, PB-4). Trees on rootstocks assumed to be semi-dwarfing were spaced at 3.8 × 1.0 m (2631 trees/ha), on dwarfing at 3.5 × 0.7 m (4082 trees/ha) and on superdwarfing at 3.2 × 0.5 m (6250 trees/ha). The TCSA after four years (in spring 2004) on semi-dwarfing rootstocks was the greatest on P14; the vigour of trees on other semi dwarfing rootstocks was similar. The first yield (2001) was the highest from trees on B396 and the lowest on P14; fruit size did not depend on the rootstock. In 2002, yield varied from 8.7 kg on P14 and M.26 to 10.2 kg per tree on B396; fruits from trees on B396 were the largest and on P14 the smallest. In 2003, the highest yield was obtained on B396, the lowest on M.26 and P14, with no differences in fruit size. The cumulative cropping efficiency coefficient (CEC) was the highest for trees on B396 and the lowest on P14. On rootstocks considered as dwarfing, TCSA after four years was the smallest on P59 and the largest on M.9 EMLA; the vigour of trees on other M.9 subclones was smaller and similar. The lowest first (2001) yield was obtained on P2 and the highest on M.9 Pajam 2; trees on M.9 Pajam 2 had the largest fruits. In 2002, the lowest yield was obtained on P59, the highest on M.9 EMLA, with the smallest fruits from trees on P59 and the largest on M.9 751. In 2003, trees on M.9 751 had the highest yield while on P59, P2 or M.9 RN29 the lowest; fruit size did not depend on rootstock in this year. The CEC was the highest on P59. On superdwarfing rootstocks, trees on PB 4 were the smallest. The 2001 yield did not depend on the rootstock. In the years 2002 and 2003, the highest yield was on P16. Fruit size did not depend on the type of superdwarfing rootstock in any year. In this group, CEC was the highest for trees on P16. | |
Download Adobe Acrobat Reader (free software to read PDF files) | |
