ISHS Acta Horticulturae 730: VI International Symposium on Artichoke, Cardoon and Their Wild Relatives
ARTICHOKE (CYNARA SCOLYMUS) 'EXPLANTS' BEHAVIOUR IN CULTURE MEDIA WITH A CONCENTRATION GRADIENT OF THE LYOPHILIZATED MYCELIUM OF VERTICILLIUM DAHLIAE BY IN VITRO CULTURE TECHNIQUES |
| Authors: | P. Arce, B. López, F. Puerta |
| Keywords: | genus Cynara, Verticillium, host-parasite interaction, in vitro |
| Abstract:
Artichoke (Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus) like some other cultivated plants can be damaged by tracheomycosis, caused by Verticillium dahliae Kleb fungus. This fungus is soil-borne and stays in the soil for a long time, it is polyphagus and also multiplies in other crops in rotation with artichoke. It is also basically polygenic and there are no described genes of resistance in the cynara species. It is clone-borne and the ‘Blanca de Tudela’, which implies over 90% of the cultivated varieties in Spain is vegetatively multiplied by stumps which facilitates the spread of systemic infections from a field to another. What has just been mentioned explains how difficult it is the direct fight against this disease in the cultivation of artichoke. In the present paper an in vitro protocol is described by which explants of artichoke (seeds, bracts, shoots of apical meristems in vitro cultures) are put in a culture medium with a gradient of concentration w/v of 0-1- 5-10- 20 g/L of lyophilizated fungus. The results are shown in graphics. The methodology used with cardoon (Cynara cardunculus var. cardunculus) is also mentioned and also the application of this same technique in the improvement of pepper (Capsicum annuum). | |
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