ISHS Acta Horticulturae 730: VI International Symposium on Artichoke, Cardoon and Their Wild Relatives
NUTRIENT UPTAKE BY ARTICHOKE |
| Authors: | L. Rincón, A. Pérez, C. Pellicer, A. Abadía, J. Sáez |
| Keywords: | Cynara cardunculus L. var. scolymus L., nutrients concentration, nutrients accumulation |
| Abstract:
The nutrient absorption of artichoke [(Cynara cardunculus L. var. scolymus L. (Fiori)] cv. ‘Blanca de Tudela’ was studied and quantified at a plantation density of 1 plant m-2. The soil was a clay loam with a pH of 7.7 (1 soil; 2 water), 3.3% organic matter, 6.4 CE (25°C saturation extract) and 28.0% total carbonates. The initial nutrient content in ppm was 84 P (Olsen-Watanabe) and 456 K (Ac-NH4). The fertilization was 250, 120, 350, 150 and 40 kg ha-1 of N, P2O5, K2O, Ca and Mg respectively. The fertilizers were incorporated in the irrigation water by fertigation during a period of 256 days after transplanting. Plants were sampled, fractionated (limbos, petioles, stems and fruits), dried and weighed and the macronutrient content was analyzed at 38, 73, 101, 165, 200, 222 and 256 days after transplanting. During sampling period 27.3 t ha-1 heads were picked and the total amount of dry matter produced was 15.5 t ha-1. The highest nitrogen concentration was observed in leaves and fruits, increasing during the first vegetative phases of growth and falling during the end of the harvest. The total quantity of nitrogen absorbed by the crop during the sampling period was 400.0 kg ha-1. Phosphorus was the least consumed of all the macronutrients, its concentration in all organs remaining during sampling period growth. The total amount of phosphorus extracted by the crop was 71.2 kg ha-1. Potassium is the macronutrient most consumed by the crop, its concentration in leaves stems and fruits remaining during crop growth period. The quantity of potassium accumulated was 573.5 kg ha-1. The greatest concentration of calcium and magnesium was observed in leaves throughout cultivation and the lowest concentration in the fruits. The total amount of Ca absorbed by the crop was 160.5 kg ha-1 and the 53.3 kg ha-1of Mg. The highest macronutrient accumulated by artichoke was in leaves and the highest macronutrients uptake rates took place in the period of the highest growth. | |
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