ISHS Acta Horticulturae 726: IV International Symposium on Pistachios and Almonds
STUDY ON KEY PESTS OF WILD PISTACHIO, PISTACIA ATLANTICA, AND THEIR NATURAL ENEMIES IN KHOJIR PROTECTED AREA, IRAN |
| Authors: | R. Omid, E. Azizkhani, H. Askary, V.R. Moniri |
| Keywords: | Pistacia atlantica, pest, natural enemies, Iran. |
| Abstract:
During 2001-2003 pests, fauna of wild pistachio and their natural enemies were collected and their relationship investigated in Khojir Protected Area (KPA) located in the east of Tehran. Also, the biology of key pests and their natural enemies were studied. According to this study two leaf feeder moths, Ocneria terebinthina Stgr. and Thaumetopoea solitaria Frever, are the key pests and cause high damage on wild pistachio in this area. O. terebinthina has two generations per year and overwinters as 2nd, 3rd, and 4th larval stages. T. solitaria has one generation per year and overwinters as egg. Larvae feed on all parts of leaves except main veins, so the infected trees were defoliated seriously. The natural enemies, which control the population of these key pests in KPA are Ooencytus masii, Brachymeria intermedia, Exorista sp. and Rhinocoris iracundus. | |
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