ISHS Acta Horticulturae 726: IV International Symposium on Pistachios and Almonds
STUDIES ON SPRING FROST RESISTANCE OF SOME PISTACHIO (PISTACIA VERA) CULTIVARS |
| Authors: | S. Arpaci, H.S. Atli, H. Tekin, M. Burak |
| Keywords: | Pistachio, frost damage, flowering time |
| Abstract:
This study was carried out between 1999 and 2001, in order to determine spring frost resistance of Siirt, Ohadi, Uzun and Uygur pistachio (Pistacia vera) cultivars. In the flowering time, the fruit buds were exposed to artificial freezing tests for 1, 3 and 5 hours at -1ºC, -3ºC. The plant materials (cuttings) were put into refrigerator for 24 hours prior to exposure to freezing tests. The freezing tests were done in a temperature controlled freezer unit. After the exposures to different freezing temperatures, the plant samples were taken out from the unit and put in a refrigerator for 1-2 hours then they were put in the jars with full with water at ambient air temperature for 24 hours. Then, the buds were cut along the longitude by a sharp blade, and those that showed brown-black colors were determined as dead (injured) buds. In the flowering stage, -3ºC for 2 hours caused more than 85% injury in all cultivars, -1ºC for 2 hours caused more than 60% injury, and in the same regime 1 hour application resulted in less than 40% mortality rate. In small fruit stage, -2ºC for 2 hours caused a mortality rate more than 66%, whereas 1 hour application resulted in 35% injuries in Uzun cultivar, 25% in Siirt, 41% in Ohadi and 45% in Uygur cultivars, respectively. | |
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