ISHS Acta Horticulturae 726: IV International Symposium on Pistachios and Almonds
EFFECTS OF GAMMA IRRADIATION ON SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS OF TWO ALMOND (PRUNUS AMYGDALUS L.) CULTIVARS |
| Authors: | Y. Sharafi, V. Grigorian, A. Motallebi-Azar, J. Dejampourand, H. Rahnemoun |
| Keywords: | almond, mutants, gamma-radiation, morphology, physiology |
| Abstract:
“A200” and “Sahand” are productive and late-blooming almond cultivars but their self-sterility traits cause many problems in their pollination and fertilization. Therefore, these cultivars were selected for study in order to receive self-fertile mutants with favorable characters by means of gamma-radiation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different gamma-radiation times on some physiological and morphological characters of “A200” and “Sahand” cultivars. Therefore, a factorial experiment was carried out based on a completely randomized design (CRD) in Sahand Horticultural Research Station. 36µC gamma-ray from Co60 irradiated on shoots of “A200” and “Sahand” at 0, 5, 10, 30 and 150 minutes and then the buds of irradiated shoots grafted on “Azar” cultivar seedlings. Investigated physiological and morphological characters included growth vigor, branches angle (tree form), tree height, internodes distance, shoot and leaf density, shoot length, leaf color, petiole length, leaf width and length, bearing type (on spur or 1-year old shoots) etc. Results showed that different irradiation times have significant effects on growth vigor, internodes distance, shoot density, shoot length, leaf color, bearing type but have no effect on petiole length, leaf length and width (p<5%). Cultivars were affected on internodes distance, tree height, shoot density, leaf length, leaf color, petiole length and not affected on tree form, shoot length and leaf density (p<5%). Interaction effects between cultivars and different irradiation times were significant on tree height, internodes distance, shoot density, shoot and leaf length, leaf color and no significant on tree form, petiole length and leaf density. Vigorous and wide angle branching plants by high color leaves observed between “A200” cultivar irradiated 150 minutes (p<5%). | |
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