ISHS Acta Horticulturae 715: VIII International Symposium on Vaccinium Culture
TECHNICAL SYSTEM OF BLUEBERRY MICROPROPAGATION IN CHINA |
| Authors: | Z. Zhang, H. Liu, L. Wu, Y. Li |
| Keywords: | Vaccinium, micropropagation |
| Abstract:
The micropropagation of many Vaccinium genotypes, including lowbush blueberry, half-high blueberry, highbush blueberry, rabbiteye blueberry, lingonberry and cranberry, was studied in the past 20 years in China in order to supply large numbers of plants to farmers to plant commercially. The micropropagation system that was tested used a modified WPM medium with 0.1-2.0mg zeatin (or 2ip) during the multiplication period in vitro, with sugar and tap water instead of sucrose and distilled water in order to reduce cost. Illumination was 2,000-10,000 lux in 12-16h days with partial natural light. Temperature was kept at 25-30ºC. New shoots in vitro were transferred to fresh medium every 40 days and propagated by the mode of germfree short shoot. Rooting of shoots ex vitro was a very economical and effective method for Vaccinium. Good rooting percentages were achieved after dipping briefly in IBA (or NAA) 1000-2000mg/L or soaking slowly in 2, 5 and 10mg/L IBA. Moss is the most suitable medium for shoot rooting ex vitro, at the rate of more than 90%. Greenhouse, plastic tunnel and lower arched plastic film tent with black shading net were utilized successfully for rooting shoots ex vitro. A method of cool storage of shoot ex vitro was created. Shoots survived and rooted well after 80 days storage at 3º -7ºC in darkness. There was no significant difference in shoot rooting and growth between the treatments and control. The transplantation medium consisted of garden soil and organic material (peat, saw dust, stalk or straw broken into pieces, etc.) mixed 1:2 by volume. The mixture pH was 7.0, so 1 kg sulfur powder was added per cubic meter. Plants could usually grow in nursery garden in 1.5 to 2 years. There were many limiting factors such as cost, medium material and techniques etc in commercial production of blueberry tissue culture plants. New materials to replace peat and moss may be needed because these resources are limited. In addition, somaclonal variation is still a risk for commercial production. | |
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