ISHS Acta Horticulturae 705: V International Walnut Symposium
THE BEHAVIOR OF TEN LATE SPROUTING WALNUT CULTIVARS IN THE ALTO VALLE OF RIO NEGRO, PATAGONIA (ARGENTINA) |
| Authors: | L. Iannamico, P. Calvo, H.R. Castro |
| Keywords: | walnut cultivars, late sprouting, fruit quality |
| Abstract:
The main fruit production area in the Patagonia is concentrated at the Alto Valle region, located in the Río Negro and Neuquén provinces. In the valley of the Negro river there is a high predominance of pome fruit production, being Argentina the first exporter of pears in the Southern Hemisphere. In this North Patagonian region the climate is continental temperate and desert, where precipitations are close 200 mm/year. The period free of frosts lasts around 175 days (average date of the first frost, April 16th and of the last spring frost, October 8th). The present study of the behavior of 10 late sprouting walnut cultivars was carried out in the Alto Valle Experimental Station of the INTA (National Institute of Farm Technology), located at a latitude of 39° 01’ S, at a longitude of 67° 40’ W, and 242 meters above the sea level. The observations were made on trees of 10 varieties grafted on Juglans nigra. The orchard was established in 1995 with a distance of 7 meters between rows and 4 meters between plants, on a loam soil, with permanent green cover and irrigated with a microjet system. The observations were made over an average period of 8 years (1997-2004). The results showed that, under the climatic conditions of the Alto Valle, the varieties sprout in the following chronological order: Sunland, Tulare, Chandler, Hartley, Fernette, T-171, Meylanaisse, Fernor, Cisco and Franquette. The extreme registrations of the blossom indicate that it is initiated with male blossom of Sunland (October 1st) and it ended with female blossom of Cisco (November 11th). The quality of kernels is excellent in most cases, being recognized Sunland by their size, Chandler, Franquette, Fernor, Fernette and Tulare by its colour and Franquette, Chandler, T-171 and Fernor by its flavour. The cultivars Tulare, Fernor and Chandler were the most productive. | |
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