ISHS Acta Horticulturae 705: V International Walnut Symposium
GENETIC FUND OF THE PERSIAN WALNUT IN THE PRYDNISTROVYA — PRYKARPATHIAN REGION OF UKRAINE |
| Authors: | P.V. Kondratenko, G.M. Satina, E.T. Zatokovy, L.F. Satina |
| Keywords: | Juglans regia L., selection, cultivars, natural conditions, economy |
| Abstract:
Persian walnut is grown in Ukraine for ages. Its first farm orchards appeared in Kiev’s monasteries in the 16th century. Nuts were transported from there to the tsar’s court in Moscow. Since that time the Persian walnut cultivation has spread considerably in Ukraine. According to the data of 1998 its total 17000 ha then. The production level varies from 28 420 to 78 950 t depending on a year. The main task for the nearest future is establishment of farm orchards on the cultivar basis. The existing orchards are extensive and grown mostly in farms of horticulturists – amateurs (92,5%). However, methods of growing home orchards do not enable to meet in the necessary way the internal demand for high quality nuts and limits the development of the foreign trade. Taking into consideration Ukraine's potential possibility as concerns the essential increase of the Persian walnut production researches of its genetic fund have been carried out in the Prydnistrovs'k-Prykarpathian region since 1970. The aim of the investigations is studying of the genetic fund and selection of forms, which would maximize characteristics important for practice: early fruit bearing, high productivity, tolerance to diseases and high nuts quality. According to the results of the multi-year researches 9 forms have been selected. They have been granted the status of cultivars and have been included into the National Genetic Fund of Ukraine. 3 cultivars (Bukovyns'ky, Prydnistrovs'ky, Chernivets'ky) maximize early fruit bearing, high productivity, tolerance to diseases and high nuts quality. Besides, 12 new promise forms were singled out during 1997-2003. The introduction of the scientific developments concerning the Persian walnut breeding into the farm production will make it possible for Ukraine to increase significantly the quality of market productions and efficiency of its growing. | |
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