ISHS Acta Horticulturae 701: XII International Symposium on Apricot Culture and Decline
BREEDING FOR COMPATIBLE APRICOT ROOTSTOCKS CUMULATING RESISTANCE TO PLUM POX VIRUS AND ROOT-KNOT NEMATODES: THE P × DASYCARPA WAY |
| Authors: | J.L. Poëssel, M. Faurobert, D. Esmenjaud, E. Dirlewanger, M.C. Lemoine, F. Gurrieri, P. Michelot, S. Lafond |
| Keywords: | interspecific hybridisation, rootstock improvement, sharka, graft compatibility, rooting ability, Meloidogyne spp, Myrobalan plum, genetic mapping, marked-assisted-selection |
| Abstract:
Graft incompatibility, shown by many Prunus rootstocks with most of apricot cultivars grown in France, is one of the major problems for apricot rootstock improvement. The P × dasycarpa program was initiated by INRA in co-operation with the Extension Service for Nurseries (CEPEM) and a private company, and is funded by the French Ministry of Agriculture. Interspecific hybridisations between myrobalan plum (P. cerasifera) and apricot (Prunus armeniaca) were undertaken to create hybrids (P × dasycarpa) cumulating graft compatibility with apricot, favourable rootstock traits from myrobalan plum (adaptation to heavy soils, rooting ability) and resistance to pests and diseases from both species. The work concentrates on a large sized progeny issued from the cross between the myrobalan plum clone P 2980 and the apricot clone A 3923. P 2980 was chosen as genitor for its high-level and wide-spectrum resistance to Meloidogyne nematodes conferred by the Ma3 gene. A 3923 is a hybrid obtained in a cross between ‘Stark Early Orange’ and ‘Scréara’ and selected for its high resistance to Plum Pox Virus. Major aims of the program are: (1) characterisation of this P × dasycarpa progeny for the main agronomic traits and selection of interspecific hybrids as new compatible apricot rootstocks resistant to Meloidogyne nematodes and to plum pox virus; (2) genetic mapping with microsatellites and AFLP markers and detection of QTLs controlling major agronomic traits in order to develop marked-assisted-selection (MAS) for rootstock improvement. The work undertaken on this progeny is in progress and the first results obtained are presented. | |
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