ISHS Acta Horticulturae 701: XII International Symposium on Apricot Culture and Decline
MAINTENANCE OF BIODIVERSITY OF APRICOT TREE PHENOTYPES IN ROMANIA |
| Authors: | V. Balan, M. Oprea, S. Drosu, C. Chireceanu, V. Tudor, C. Petrisor |
| Keywords: | Prunus armeniaca, cultivars, selection pressure, complex pedigree |
| Abstract:
Romania preserved a wide gene bank including 540 apricot phenotypes originating from America, Asia, Canada, Czech Republic, Slovak Republic, China, CSI, France, Germany, India, Yugoslavia, Italy, the Netherland, Republic of Moldavia, Macedonia, Romania, Spain, Turkey, Ukraine, Hungary. Conservation and study of apricot genotypes in the genetic collection resulted in revealing (1) genetic variability, (2) genetic mechanism which governs the inheritance of the main characteristics of the apricot: blooming time and ripening time, fruit shape, fruit size, total soluble sugar (TSS), fruit acidity, skin and pulp color, resistance to diseases caused by fungi: brown rot by Monilinia spp., spots of Stigmina carphophilla (Lev) M.B.Ellis and Cytospora cincta Sacc., bacterium Pseudomonas syringae p.v. syringae van Hall, tree vigor, resistance to frost, (3) adaptability of different foreign cultivars, (4) different expression of PPV susceptibility, (5) optimization of improvement strategies based on genetic studies; (6) validation of some apricot cultivars successfully cropped in Romania, (7) creation of some apricot selections resistant to diseases, (8) creation of some selections with early ripening period (June 10 - 15), which attend validation in culture, and not last, (9) expansion of Romania's relationships with: France, Italy, Spain, Greece, Turkey, Hungary, Bulgaria, Republic of Moldavia, Ukraine, Czech Republic, Slovak Republic, China, Yugoslavia, Argentina, Australia, California (USA), Japan being yet not of list. In order to reduce the effects of selection pressure a large interest exist in introducing new genotypes from foreign countries. | |
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