ISHS Acta Horticulturae 698: VI International Symposium on Chemical and non-Chemical Soil and Substrate Disinfestation - SD2004
ALTERNATIVES TO METHYL BROMIDE IN ROMANIAN PROTECTED CROPS |
| Authors: | M. Bogoescu, M.L. Gullino, A. Minuto, A. Amadio |
| Keywords: | soil disinfestation, metham sodium, dazomet, grafting |
| Abstract:
Since the adhering to the Montreal Protocol, the Romanian government recently decided to discontinue importing methyl bromide (MB), starting in 2003, and to phase out by 2005. Demonstration trials for testing alternatives to MB to control corky root, root knot induced by nematodes and weeds, were tested in tomato and cucumber greenhouse production systems at nine different locations in Romania. From 2002-2004 the efficacy of the chemical fumigants metham sodium (MS) and dazomet (DZ) was compared to that of grafted plants and solarization alternatives. Interesting results were recorded with MS (100 g a.i./m2) as well as with grafting adopted alone or combined with soil fumigation (MS 75 g a.i./m2). Soil solarization was not easily applicable in the Romanian conditions due to the short time available between the 1st and the 2nd cycle (July - August) of crops and due to the geographical position of the country. DZ is only available in Romania as a powder formulation and since it creates a dust it was deemed as being too risky to human health. MS is more suitable as an alternative to MB because it can be applied by drip irrigation and is easy for growers to use. Grafting could represent a promising non-chemical alternative, even if production of grafted plants would be carried out more conveniently within the country. | |
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