ISHS Acta Horticulturae 698: VI International Symposium on Chemical and non-Chemical Soil and Substrate Disinfestation - SD2004
SOLAR HEATING, BIOFUMIGATION AND CONVENTIONAL CHEMICAL TREATMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF CORKY ROOT IN TOMATO |
| Authors: | S. Díaz Hernández, A. Rodríguez Pérez, P. Domínguez Correa, L. Gallo Llobet |
| Keywords: | solarization, organic amendment, metam sodium, Pyrenochaeta lycopersici, Lycopersicon esculentum |
| Abstract:
The effectiveness of soil solarization, alone or in combination with biofumigation, was tested in a tomato net-greenhouse located in South-eastern Tenerife (Canary Islands, Spain), naturally infested with the causal agent of corky root, Pyrenochaeta lycopersici Schneider & Gerlach. The following treatments: control, solarization, solarization + biofumigation and chemical fumigation with metam-sodium, were applied during the summer months of 2001, 2002 and 2003 in the same experimental plots each year. Along the three-year trial, maximum soil temperatures at 10 cm depth ranged between 43-48°C and 42-45°C, temperatures reached at 30 cm were between 36-38°C and 35-37°C in solarized plots with or without biofumigation, respectively. Maximum soil temperatures in these plots were about 10°C higher than in controls at 10 cm depth and 7°C at 30 cm. Solarization in 2001, solarization + biofumigation in 2002, and both solarization and solarization + biofumigation in 2003 significantly increased fruit yields compared with controls. Severity of corky root was determined using a visual index from 0 to 4 (where 0 means no lesions and 4 means more than 75% with corky lesions). After the first year, the disease index was between 1.5 and 2.0 for all treatments, showing no significant differences between them. At the end of the trial, the disease indexes of both solarization + biofumigation and single solarization treatments were significantly lower than in control. | |
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