ISHS Acta Horticulturae 698: VI International Symposium on Chemical and non-Chemical Soil and Substrate Disinfestation - SD2004
ERADICATION OF PHYTOPHTHORA NICOTIANAE AND RHIZOCTONIA SOLANI BY DOUBLE LAYER SOLARIZATION IN TOMATO SEEDBEDS |
| Authors: | A. Rodríguez Pérez, S. Díaz Hernández, L. Gallo Llobet |
| Keywords: | substrate disinfestation, nursery, soilborne pathogens, metham sodium, Lycopersicon esculentum |
| Abstract:
The effectiveness of double layer solarization was tested in seedbeds artificially inoculated with Phytophthora nicotianae and Rhizoctonia solani in two trials carried out in 2002 and 2003, respectively. For double layer solarization, seedbeds were covered with a 0.05 mm thick low-density polyethylene film, with a second layer suspended at a distance of 80 cm, supported by wire hoops. Chemical disinfestation with metham sodium was also tested. The treatments were double layer solarization, metham sodium, and untreated control, all with and without pathogen inoculation, carried out in three replications. After the treatments tomato seeds were planted and the incidence of pre- and post-emergence damage was determined; seedling height and weight were measured at the end of trials. Maximum temperatures at 5 cm depth in double layer-solarized seedbeds were 70 and 73°C in 2002 and 2003, respectively, over 20°C higher than uncovered control. In both years, double layer-solarized seedbeds achieved temperatures higher than 60°C over 9 consecutive hours. No symptoms of disease appeared in double layer solarized nor metham-sodium treated seedbeds compared with the inoculated controls, which showed more than 90% of incidence of either pathogen at the end of the trials. In addition, plant growth was higher in both inoculated and non-inoculated double layer solarized seedbeds than in the metham sodium fumigated ones. | |
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