ISHS Acta Horticulturae 695: I International Symposium on Tomato Diseases
DEVELOPMENT OF BOTRYTIS CINEREA AND PHYTOPHTHORA INFESTANS ON ORGANICALLY GROWN TOMATO FRUITS |
| Authors: | I. Bender, S. Vabrit, M. Roudseping |
| Keywords: | gray mold, late blight, organic agriculture, unheated greenhouse, resistant variety |
| Abstract:
Botrytis cinerea and Phytophthora infestans are the major diseases of tomato fruits in Estonia. The effect of both diseases on fruit yield was evaluated over three years (2001, 2002 and 2003) in organic cultivation in unheated plastic greenhouse at Jõgeva Plant Breeding Institute. Growth substrate was soil fertilized by cattle manure. The research was carried out with 12 varieties: ‘Agata’, ‘Erk’, ‘Goldene Gönigin’, ‘Idol’, ‘Koit’, ‘Maike’, ‘Mato’, ‘Moneymaker’, ‘Piibe’ F1, ‘Valve’, ‘Vilja’ and ‘Visa’ F1 from mid-May to mid-September. First ripened fruits were harvested at the end of June or in early July. The total yield and damage by gray mold and late blight were measured in August and September. Influence of the following weather factors was evaluated: the total sum of active air temperatures (>10°C), the sum of precipitation in August and September, and the amount of rainy days of August and up to the 15th of September. August and September of 2002 were extremely warm and dry and no damaged fruits occurred. During 2001 and 2003 conditions were favorable for development of gray mold. Late blight on fruits occurred only in September. The percentage of infection by both diseases varied among varieties and was up to 26% in 2001 and up to 12% in 2003. | |
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