ISHS Acta Horticulturae 69: II International Symposium on Pear Growing
VARIETY ASSOCIATION IN MARKET PEAR PLANTATIONS |
| Authors: | F. Gyuró, J. Nyéki, M. Soltész, J. Jankovics |
| Abstract:
The production structure and assortment are determined by the association of varieties. In production development and planning of the plantation pattern of orchards great amphasis should be laid on the variety association. The varieties may decide the efficiency of orchard management for several decades ahead. In Hungary the area of market orchards planted with pear trees is 5000 ha, only 5 percent of the total area of commodity fruit growing. Hungary produces 70–90 thousand tons of pear a year. An area condentration - if realized - would promote the development of operative concentration too. Pear-trees are in 80 percent of autumn- and winter varieties. In the market orchards propagation of 11 pear varieties is permitted; the distribution of the varieties is seen in Table 1. The pear orchards are of low productivity. The average fruit yield in the market pear orchards of state farms is 110–130 q/ha The small output and high yield fluctuation of pear can be traced back to various causes, such az unfavourable ecological conditions, out-of-date plantation system and crown shape, low level of cultural practices and plant protection, and last but not least problems arising with the variety association. Earlier investigations concerning the variety association were focussed mainly on flowering and fruit setting. In the variety association we completed the biological aspects with technological and economical factors, taking their interactions also into consideration. The factors of variety association are summed up in Table 2. For lack of proper information the flowering time of the varieties was not always taken into account in planting market pear orchards in the past, therefore they failed to produce the expected yield. Knowledge of the | |
Download Adobe Acrobat Reader (free software to read PDF files) | |
