ISHS Acta Horticulturae 689: VII International Symposium on Grapevine Physiology and Biotechnology
RESPIRATION ACTIVITY IN DIFFERENT ABOVE-GROUND ORGANS OF VITIS VINIFERA L. IN RESPONSE TO TEMPERATURE AND DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE |
| Authors: | A. Palliotti, A. Cartechini, O. Silvestroni, S. Mattioli |
| Keywords: | respiration coefficients, vine organs, anthesis, veraison, energy requirement |
| Abstract:
The response of respiration rate (R) to changes in temperature (T) for attached leaves, stems, clusters and old wood (2- to 3-years-old) was measured at four stages of development (3 weeks after budbreak, anthesis, veraison and ripening). Four-year-old potted ‘Sangiovese’ vines grafted onto ‘Kober 5BB’ were subjected to step-wise increases in temperature in a 12 m3 climate controlled chamber. The temperature was increased from 10 to 35°C in 5°C increments. The coefficients ‘a’ and ‘k’ describing the exponential response of R to T (R = a • e(k T)) were calculated at each developmental stage for above-ground vine organs. At each developmental stage, the daily R for field-grown vines (same cultivar and rootstock) was obtained by calculating R using the ‘a’ and ‘k’ coefficients determined on potted vines and average air temperature for each vine organ. Daily R was computed as the summation of leaf, stem, cluster and old wood R. In all vine organs the R rates increased with temperature and, except for old wood, decreased with aging. The Arrhenius equation well described the R-response to T in all above ground vine organs, with R2 values greater than 0.81. In all developmental stages examined the leaves were the organ with higher R activity, with 50, 67, 74 and 44% of total vine above-ground R at 3 weeks after budbreak, anthesis, veraison and ripening, respectively. During the first part of the growing season, the stems were strong sinks, responsible for about 43 and 23% of vine daily R at 3 weeks after budbreak and flowering, respectively; afterwards they became weak sinks. At veraison and ripening the clusters were above-ground organs with high R activity (i.e. 13% of total R at veraison and 37% at ripening). Respiratory costs, equal to about 20 and 33 g CO2 vine-1 d-1 found at anthesis and verasion, respectively, exert a great influence on daily CO2 balance and may becomes critical for yield, grape quality and reserves reconstitution. | |
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