ISHS Acta Horticulturae 689: VII International Symposium on Grapevine Physiology and Biotechnology
ECOPHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSE TO FLOOD OF SEVEN GRAPEVINE CULTIVARS |
| Authors: | F. de Herralde, R. Savé, C. Biel |
| Abstract:
Grapevines growing in the Mediterranean Basin are usually grafted onto drought resistant rootstocks to withstand dry soil conditions and produce quality fruit and wines. However, irregular heavy summer rainfall can occur, leading to flood events. The effects of short-term flooding on growth and physiology of seven grapevine (Vitis vinifera) cultivars were studied under semi-controlled conditions. The cultivars were ‘Alicante Bouschet’, ‘Black Grenache’, ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’, ‘Parellada’, ‘Tempranillo’, ‘Sauvignon Blanc’ and ‘White Grenache’ all grafted onto ‘110-Richter’. Young, potted vines of each cultivar were subjected to two treatments: non-flooded (control) and flooded for eight days in late August 2002. Effects of flooding on water oxygen concentration, shoot elongation, leaf area, leaf water and osmotic potential, and gas exchange were measured on days 3 and 7 during flooding and 4 and 8 days after. Flooding led to a reduction in oxygen concentration in the rhizosphere causing a reduction in water uptake resulting in water stress. ‘Sauvignon Blanc’ showed reduction in leaf water potential. Photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance were reduced in all cultivars after 3 days of flooding, but they recovered as soon as the flood was withdrawn. Shoot elongation was clearly reduced with respect to the controls of ‘Cabernet Sauvignon,’ ‘Sauvignon Blanc’ and ‘Tempranillo.’ Damage to ‘Sauvignon Blanc’ was considerable, reducing the exposed leaf area to 83% of the control and of the remaining leaves 84% were damaged. Therefore, ‘Sauvignon Blanc’ did not recover from the flood event during the period of study. ‘Alicante Bouschet’ was only minimally affected by the imposed stress. | |
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