ISHS Acta Horticulturae 688: IV International Symposium on Edible Alliaceae
INFLUENCE OF PLANTING TIME ON THE DEVELOPMENT, YIELD AND QUALITY OF GARLIC (ALLIUM SATIVUM L.) IN ESTONIA |
| Authors: | P. Põldma, A. Merivee, A. Pae, K. Justus |
| Keywords: | garlic, plant growth, yield, bulb weight, cultural practises |
| Abstract:
The aim of the present research was to study the influence of different planting times in autumn and spring on the plant growth, yield and bulb quality of garlic. Experiments were carried out with local winter garlic clone in the experimental garden of Estonian Agricultural University in town Tartu, southern part of Estonia (58°21’N and 26°41’E) in 2000-2002. Six planting times with an interval of 10 days were used in autumn (from September to November) and two planting variants in spring. The average diurnal temperature remains below 0°C from the 15th of November in Estonia. The planting times in autumn were calculated as 50, 40, 30, 20, 10 and 1 day before the above mentioned date. Seed cloves planted in spring were previously cold treated at 4.0 ± 1°C before planting for 30 and 50 days in 2001, and 15 and 30 days in 2002. The winter damage of cloves, plant growth characteristics (number of leaves, plant height and diameter of plant stem), yield and yield quality were measured. The yield of garlic bulbs varied between 0.43-1.46 kg m-1. Results of the research showed that the highest yield of garlic was obtained when planting time 1-1.5 months before diurnal temperature remained constantly below 0°C was used. Late planting times in autumn had the highest winter damage. Garlic planted in spring had lower yield and 16% of bulbs produced only one round clove. None of the experimental factors had an impact on the plant height and diameter of plant stem. | |
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