ISHS Acta Horticulturae 682: V International Postharvest Symposium
RIPENING AND SHELF-LIFE OF A FIRM TOMATO MUTANT, WILD TYPE AND HYBRIDS |
| Authors: | A.R. Schuelter, F.L. Finger, C.D. Cruz, V.W.D. Casali, A.T. Amaral Jr. |
| Keywords: | Lycopersicon esculentum, lycopene, soluble solids |
| Abstract:
Several postharvest morphological characteristics have been modified by a firm (frm) mutation found in tomato fruits of cultivar Santa Clara, which were evaluated by univariate and multivariate techniques. The results from the analysis of variance showed that the firm mutation caused changes in characters such as soluble solids level in ripe fruits, lycopene,  -carotene and total carotenoids of green-pink fruits, shelf-life and firmness of mature-green fruits.
From the eighteen characters initially evaluated in this experiment, eleven of them were considered important for the study of genetic divergence among the studied genotypes.
The Tocher method grouped cultivar Santa Clara and the reciprocal hybrids in a cluster group and the firm mutant into another.
The dispersion of the first two canonical variables showed that the hybrids had the shortest distance from the cultivar Santa Clara, confirming the cluster method results.
Regarding the contribution of each character to the total divergence it was established that shelf-life and total carotenoid content were responsible for at least 35.66% of the total divergence.
Therefore, the firm mutation in a homozygous state increases shelf-life, firmness of mature-green fruits, lycopene, -carotene and total carotenoids, however reduces soluble solid levels of ripe fruits and had similar rate of weight loss throughout storage at room temperature.
The mutation in heterozygous state presents intermediary shelf-life between the firm mutant and original cultivar Santa Clara, as for the other characters, the results followed a pattern similar to the latter parent.
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