ISHS Acta Horticulturae 681: IV International Congress on Artichoke
ARTICHOKE: A NEW IN VIVO AGAMIC PROPAGATION TECHNIQUE |
| Authors: | O. Temperini, G. Colla, F. Saccardo |
| Keywords: | Cynara scolymus, hydroponic, soil less, cold storing, asexual propagation. |
| Abstract:
This work describes an agamic propagation technique for plants of Cynara cardunculus L. var. scolymus (L.) Fiori cv C3 employing a soil less culture. The technique involves the following steps: a) growing the micropropagated mother plants hydroponically b) inducing offshoot production by chemical and mechanical treatment on mother plants; c) cold-storing cuttings or rhizomes obtained from the rooted cuttings d) growing plants from cold-stored rhizomes or cuttings in order to obtain plantlets for summer transplanting. Micropropagated mother plants were grown hydroponically in a greenhouse at Viterbo University experimental farm to investigate the effects of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) at 5, 10 and 20 ppm and thidiazuron (TDZ) at 5 ppm on promoting the number of shoots per mother plant. An untreated plant (control) was also tested. There were four replicates of each of the five treatments, with the treatments distributed in a randomized complete block design. The increase of BAP concentration from 0 to 20 ppm promoted offshoot development, but did not increase the number of offshoots per plant. No offshoot per mother plant was obtained with TDZ application. Sixty offshoots from test treatment were cold stored (0° C, 85 % RH) in agriperlite. Six hundred cuttings from test treatment were ranked in four weight classes (< 15, 15-30, 30-60, and > 60 g), to evaluate the influences of cutting weight and rooting hormone concentration [0, 2000, and 3000 ppm of naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA)] on offshoot rooting. Cuttings were rooted in agriperlite under mist propagation conditions. Highest offshoot rooting (> 75 %) was obtained with offshoot weight above 30 g, and no effect was observed by rooting hormone applications. After eight weeks, a water stress treatment was imposed on sixty rooted offshoots. The plants were left to dry up to obtain dormant rhizomes, which were cold stored (0° C, 85 % RH) in agriperlite. After six weeks of cold storing, the percentage of viable rhizomes was 26 % higher than that of offshoots. | |
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