ISHS Acta Horticulturae 681: IV International Congress on Artichoke
AGRONOMIC AND QUALITATIVE INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT ARTICHOKE VARIETIES IN STUMPS FIELDS WITH ONE-YEAR AND MULTI-YEAR CROPS |
| Authors: | J.I. Macua, I. Lahoz, A. Santos |
| Keywords: | Artichoke, varieties, stumps, one-year and multi-year crop |
| Abstract:
Artichokes are traditionally grown in Navarra as a one-year crop. In many production areas, however, crops are multi-year. The aim of this study is to report the results from the 96-97, 97-98 and 98-99 seasons and to analyse the agronomic behaviour and industrial quality of different varieties of artichoke originating from stumps as one-year and multi-year crops. Most of the 49 varieties studied are Blanca de Tudela selections, although French and Italian varieties are also included. A high degree of variability can be observed between varieties and years (testing took place over three years) when grown as a one-year crop. Mean early yield was 0.26 kg/plant and mean total yield 1.97 kg/plant. Mean inflorescence weight oscillated around the 100 gram mark, early yield reporting slightly higher figures. The mean percentages of non-rooted plants were 3.86, 12.20 and 4.07, for 96/97, 97/98 and 98/99 respectively, with great differences between varieties, although these proved somewhat less marked for early material. Despite yearly differences for each variety, the mean industrial yield, dry waste and fibre percentages were 26.42%, 8.17% and 0.91%, respectively. The unviable plant percentage rose considerably when the shift was made from one-year to multi-year crops: from 3.59% in the first year, to 27.84% in the third. This fact was reflected in total yield, which fell from 18.67 t/ha to 8.89 t/ha. Despite certain heterogeneity between varieties, plants used as one-year crops reported higher yield figures and superior quality than multi-year crops. | |
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